33^rd Annual Cardiologists Conference July 12-12, 2021 London, UK

Biography:

Respiratory Therapist, Master in Management in Health Services, from the Universidad Libre (Cali - Colombia) Specialist in Teaching for Higher Education from the Universidad Santiago de Cali (Colombia), PhD student in Biomedicine, Universidad Córdoba - Spain. Six years of experience in coordinating home care programs. Eleven years of experience in university teaching-Universidad Santiago de Cali, management processes, planning and dissemination of products in health research. Associate Researcher (I), category Ministry of Science and Technology Colombia – 833, Member of the research group in education and health, classification A, [GINEYSA], integral research group classification B, [GISI]

Abstract:

In home care, the use of oxygen therapy equipment is a determinant in the evolution of chronic patients who require its application. So far the education that users receive from professionals in charge of respiratory care regarding the use and its prescription in the home environment, generates good results compared to control and follow-up with patients; however, when due to clinical and physical conditions it is time to withdraw oxygen supplies from the home, there is little clarity in the criteria for suspension and withdrawal of these equipment, generating insecurity in patients and health professionals regarding the timely withdrawal of oxygen equipment at home, as well as generating unnecessary costs to institutions providing health services, it also promotes the shortage of oxygen cylinders in situations that are objectively needed.

Biography:

Xing-sheng Shu received his B.S. degree from the School of Life Sciences, Peking University and his Ph.D. degree from the Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong. He is currently an associate professor at School of Medicine, Shenzhen University. Dr. Shu has been focusing on study the aberrant transcriptional and epigenetic regulations in digestive cancers, he has published more than 30 papers with >900 citations and an H-index of 15, including research articles in Oncogene, Journal of Pathology, Theranostics and other high level academic journals.

Abstract:

It has long been documented that abnormal activities of distal cis-regulatory elements such as enhancers contribute to the intitation and progression of cancer. Recently, super-enhancer hijacking was found to be esstential for the activation of certain oncogenes. However, the mechanism of action for most tumor-specific super-enhancers still largely remain elusive. Here, we report that a potential oncogene ETS2 was activated by a super-enhancer located at its 3’ distal region in colorectal cancer (CRC). The super-enhancer physcially interacts with ETS2 promoter fragments and is required for transription activation of ETS2. Intriguingly, we found that a eQTL site for ETS2 resides in this super-enhancer and genetic variation at the SNP potentailly abolished the binding of a well-known oncogenic trancritpion factor MECOM. Consistently, the expression of MECOM and ETS2 correlated well with each other in CRC cell lines and multiple CRC datasets and silecning of MECOM induced downregulation of ETS2. Moreover, the expression of enhancer RNA (eRNA) from the ETS2 super-enhancer also correlated with the expression of ETS2 in primary CRC samples. Finally, silencing of both MECOM and ETS2 lead to the inhibition of proliferation, migration and sphere formation of CRC cells. Taken together, we uncovered a novel MECOM-super enhancer-ETS2 regulatory axis that might be crucial for activating oncogenic ETS2 in CRC

Biography:

Edward H. Abraham graduated from Harvard University with a college major in engineering, applied physics and chemistry. He was then accepted into the first class of the Harvard - MIT graduate program in Health Sciences and Technology and subsequently received his MD from Harvard Medical School. During his medical school training, he gained valuable research experience working in the laboratories of Professors Judah Folkman, Claude Lechene and Nobel Laureate Konrad Bloch. During his internship, residency and fellowship in pediatrics at Boston Children’s HospitalMedical Center, he worked directly with Professor Harry Shwachman and in the laboratory of Professor Jan Breslow focusing on cystic fibrosis (CF). He extended his CF studies with a subsequent post-doctoral research clinical investigator award from NIH. His work focused on membrane biochemistry in the laboratory of Professor Guido Guidotti at Harvard University. During these investigations, he discovered and investigated functions of ATP releasing pathways using biochemical and electrophysiological (patch-clamp) assays. He developed luciferase assays for precise measurement and imaging of extracellular ATP clouds. Dr. Abraham then completed a radiation oncology residency at Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston and subsequent Senior Investigator position with Dr. Paul Okunieff at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) where the role of extracellular ATP in cancer treatment was investigated. He subsequently assumed directorship of the Radiation Oncology Translational Research laboratory at Dartmouth Medical School in Hanover, NH. At Dartmouth he ran clinical trials testing the effects of ATP intravenous infusions on patients with stage IV cancers

Abstract:

Systemic pools of ATP are elevated in individuals homozygous for cystic fibrosis (CF) as evidenced by elevated blood and plasma ATP levels. This elevated ATP level seems to provide benefit in the presence of advanced solid tumors (Abraham et al., Nature Medicine 2(5):593–596, 1996). We published in this journal a paper showing that IV ATP can elevate the depleted ATP pools of advanced cancer patients up to levels found in CF patients with subsequent clinical, biochemical, and quality of life (QOL) improvements (Rapaport et al., Purinergic Signalling 11(2): 251–262, 2015). We hypothesize that the elevated ATP levels seen in CF patients may be benefiting CF patients in another way: by improving their survival after contracting COVID-19. We discuss here the reasoning behind this hypothesis and suggest how these findings might be applied clinically in the general population.

Biography:

Irene Cantone has completed his PhD at the age of 25 years from Telethon Institute of Genetic and Medicine and postdoctoral studies from MRC London institute of Medical Sciences. She has been awarded Marie-Curie, EMBO and Human Frontiers Science Programme long-term fellowship. She is currently a Professor at the University. She has published more than 15 papers in reputed peerreviewed journals (e.g. Cell, Nature Structural Molecular Biology, Nature Communication and Genome Biology) and has been serving as an editorial board member of PLOS and Nature journals

Abstract:

Erasure of epigenetic memory is required to convert somatic cells towards pluripotency. Reactivation of the inactive X chromosome (Xi) has been used to model epigenetic reprogramming in mouse, but human studies are hampered by Xi epigenetic instability and difficulties in tracking partially reprogrammed iPSCs. Recently, I have established a cell fusion reprogramming system that recapitulates features of human naïve pluripotency and enables tracing early chromatin changes. This system revealed that loss of XIST and H3K27me3 from the human Xi precedes and is required for Xi transcriptional reactivation ahead of cell division (Cantone et al., Nature Comm 2016). Interestingly, single-cell RNA-FISH and allelespecific RNA sequencing analyses revealed that reprogramming-mediated human Xi reactivation was partial and selective for a specific subset of genes. Selective Xi reactivation was not limited to gene loci residing within specific chromatin domains (e.g. H3K27me3 or H3K9me3 domains) neither influenced by proximity to XIST locus. Reactivation was instead associated with stochastic Xi expression ahead of reprogramming, as shown by single cells and isogenic fibroblast clones (Cantone et al., Genome Biology 2017). Notably, stochastic Xi transcription is stabilized in some clonal lineages suggesting that single-cell transcriptional variability might underlie heritable gene reactivation even in heterochromatic contexts. Implications for targeted Xi gene reactivation during human pluripotent reprogramming and in somatic cells will be discussed as a concept for modelling and therapy of human X-linked diseases

Biography:

Abstract:

Normal ECG Findings: Increased QRS voltage for LVH or RVH, Incomplete RBBB, Early repolarization/ST segment Sinus bradycardia or arrhythmia, Ectopic atrial or junctional rhythm, 1Ëš AV block, Mobitz Type I 2Ëš AV block. Borderline ECG Findings: Left axis deviation, Left atrial enlargement (>42 mm), Right axis deviation, Right atrial enlargement Complete RBBB. Abnormal ECG Findings: T wave inversion, ST segment depression, Pathologic Q waves Complete LBBB, QRS ≥ 140 ms duration, Epsilon wave, Ventricular pre-excitation, Prolonged QT interval, Brugada Type 1 pattern Profound sinus bradycardia < 30 bpm, PR interval ≥ 400 ms, Mobitz Type II 2Ëš AV block, 3Ëš AV block, >2 PVCs per 10 s tracing (>12/min), Atrial tachyarrhythmias, Ventricular arrhythmias. Summary: • ECG interpretation in athletes has evolved to help distinguish physiologic ECG findings from pathologic ECG findings. • Some form of T-wave abnormality (inferior, anterior, or lateral) accounted for 35% of ECGS which were not normal but not pathological. • Other common themes included the application of the IC definition of IVCD (≥140ms), sinus bradycardia (<40bpm), and right axis deviation (≥120 degrees). IC=International criteria

Biography:

Roshinipriya Ganesin has completed her education in department of medicine from International Medicalo University Clinical campus Kluang, Malaysia. Currently she is working in Selayang Hospital, Malaysia

Abstract:

Rheumatic heart disease is an irreversible sequela of rheumatic fever which is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in developing countries. We report a case of a 22-year-old lady with underlying chronic rheumatic heart disease, underwent mitral valve repair, presented with a recurrence of acute rheumatic fever with new aortic regurgitation confirmed by echocardiography, upon defaulting oral penicillin prophylaxis. She was treated symptomatically and started on IV Penicillin 2.4MU for 14 days based on clinical suspicion of possible infective endocarditis although laboratory values were not suggestive. With the resolution of clinical symptoms and treatment completion, she was discharged with oral penicillin despite non-compliance and a referral to the tertiary cardiac centre for continuation of care. Medical management was continued without surgical intervention to date. There is no specific guideline available in Malaysia to manage rheumatic heart disease, therefore treatment relies on the physician’s experience. Majority still prefer prescribing oral penicillin prophylaxis in Malaysia but the recommended choice of prophylaxis worldwide is IM penicillin. In my opinion, this patient should have been discharged with IM penicillin or, even better, initiated at the point of initial diagnosis. In this case report, we not only highlight the importance of secondary prophylaxis but also focus on the route of prophylaxis to halt the progression of the disease

Biography:

Zeyi Cheng is currently working as a cardiovascular surgeon at West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China. He has attended many international conference related to his field.

Abstract:

Objective: To investigate the effect of abnormal liver function on the outcome and safety after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and whether TAVI is superior to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in patients with hepatic insufficiency. Methods: We searched the databases of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science up to 31 January 2021. Studies to be eligible if mortality after TAVI in patients with and without hepatic insufficiency, or mortality and complications for TAVI versus SAVR in patients with hepatic insufficiency were reported. This meta-analysis was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021247495) and was carried out by using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 14.0. Results: This meta-analysis of 20 studies assessed a total of 220270 patients. Hepatic insufficiency was associated with higher short-term mortality [OR=1.88, 95%CI (1.38 to 2.58), P<0.00001] and 1-2 years mortality [OR=1.64, 95%CI (1.42 to 1.89), P<0.00001]. Between TAVI and SAVR in patients with hepatic insufficiency, there is statistically significant difference in in-hospital mortality [OR=0.46, 95%CI (0.27 to 0.81), P=0.007], the occurrence rate of blood transfusions [OR=0.34, 95%CI (0.24 to 0.48), P<0.00001) and the occurrence rate of acute kidney injury [OR=0.55, 95%CI (0.33 to 0.91), P=0.02]. Conclusions: TAVI patients with hepatic insufficiency may have negative impact both on short-term (inhospital or 30-day) and 1-2-years mortality. For patients with hepatic insufficiency, TAVI could be a better option than SAVR. Keywords: transcatheter aortic valve implantation, surgical aortic valve replacement, hepatic insufficiency, meta-analysis, mortality

Biography:

Maribel Mella Guzman is a Magister in Bioethics and Assistant Professor at the University of Chile with more than 10 years of experience. She has dedicated herself to the study of the autonomy of women in particular in the period of pregnancy and of gender violence also in pregnant women

Abstract:

Primary Health Care (PHC) is the fundamental pillar and gateway of the Chilean Health System. At this level, the midwife is in charge of people’s Sexual and Reproductive Health. The purpose of this presentation is to present the role of midwives in PHC in terms of empowering gestational support and the challenges that this currently presents. Their role is essential in the accompaniment of women and their families since they are in charge of promoting a healthy pregnancy, prevention and maintenance of healthy lifestyles, early detection and timely referral of pathologies. The educational and empowering role of this professional stands out, placing her as a facilitating and empowering figure for women’s autonomy; however, the challenges she faces are important: to overcome the hegemonic position of the health professional in order to remedy the state of submission in which pregnant women have been placed, to retake group education, which has shown better results in terms of empowerment, to incorporate the intersectional view in order to understand more deeply the differences and particularities of pregnant women, to incorporate an intercultural perspective that allows immigrant women and women belonging to indigenous peoples to feel represented and respected in the current health system and finally, to achieve a real communication and continuity of health care between the primary level (prenatal care) and the tertiary level (delivery care)

Biography:

Pritha Bhattacharjee is teaching at the Department of Environmental Science, University. of Calcutta, as Assistant Professor for last 8 years. She has completed her PhD from CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology in 2007 and continued her postdoctoral studies in arsenic research. Her major expertise lies with Environmental epigenetics, Occupational health and Lifestyle disorders. Dr Bhattacharjee has authored/co-authored in 55 International journal publications with 1584 total citations and h-index 19. She wrote several book chapters including text book on Environmental Studies. Dr. Pritha serves as editorial board member for highly acclaimed Frontiers in Genetics and many other journals. She is guiding a number of PhD students in biological research

Abstract:

Chronic arsenic exposure and its cancer association is already known. Our study explored the epigenetic perspectives of arsenic toxicity. The major investigations we performed include DNA damage response, telomere regulation, arsenic methylation and mitochondrial biogenesis. Our novel findings are to identify signature patterns for arsenic exposure (compared to those who are unexposed) and arsenic-induced characteristic lesion (compared to arsenic exposed No Skin Lesion group). Although arsenic induced skin lesions are hallmarks of arsenic toxicity, it is observed only among15-20% of the exposed population. This clearly indicates environment and gene crosstalk each other with significant variation at population level. We have identified alteration in DNA methylation pattern for the candidate genes, histone post translational modifications and also differential miRNA regulation. Among all different pathways, most critical is the arsenic metabolism pathway. This metabolism depends on the efficiency of arsenic methylation, which is further dependant on methylation donor SAM (S-Adenosyl L-methionine) level and enzyme activity of AS3MT (Arsenite methyltransferase). Our study identified how arsenic depletes SAM level and affect overall metabolism leading to arsenic susceptibility. Mitochondrial biogenesis also play a significant role, where regulatory genes including PGC1α, Tfam, NRF1 and NRF2 were upregulated among arsenic induced cancer patients via promoter hypomethylation. Thus, our study considers a holistic approach to understand the epigenetic interplay in the individuals having prolonged arsenic exposure history.

Biography:

Thilina Jayesekara is currently working as a senior registrar in Cardiology at National Hospital Kandy, Sri Lanka. He has attended many international Conferences

Abstract:

Acute left main coronary artery (LMCA) occlusion is a rare clinical presentation which often manifests as a cardiogenic shock with worse prognosis. However, the clinical outcome depends on the age of the patient, co-morbidities, the patency and dominancy of Right coronary artery. Since LMCA supplies a large myocardial territory of left ventricle, it shows a characteristic electrocardiographic (ECG) pattern which helps to an early diagnosis. Presence of ST elevation in aVR with ST depressions of more than six leads is highly characteristic for LMCA occlusion. Here we are reporting an extremely rare case of acute concomitant occlusion of LMCA and Right coronary artery manifesting as a cardiogenic shock with ST elevation in aVR ,V1,III, aVF leads with ST depressions in all other leads. Patient showed excellent clinical outcome and reversal of characteristic ECG pattern following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to the culprit vessels